HOW TO GENERATE SINE, COSINE,RAMP,EXPONENTIAL,UNIT STEP AND UNIT IMPULSE SIGNALS USING MATLAB?

GENERATION OF SIGNALS:
                          

To write a program using MATLAB for the generation of signals like Sine sequence, Cosine sequence, Ramp sequence, Exponential sequence, Unit-step sequence and Unit-impulse sequence.

ALGORITHM:

SINE SEQUENCE:

 Step 1: Initialize the time period.
 Step 2: Design the function of sine wave.
 Step 3: Plot the sine sequence.
 Step 4: Display the output

COSINE SEQUENCE:

 Step 1: Initialize the time period.
 Step 2: Design the function of cosine wave.
 Step 3: Plot the cosine sequence.
 Step 4: Display the output

RAMP SEQUENCE:

 Step 1: Read the length of the ramp sequence.
 Step 2: Define the length of the ramp sequence.
 Step 3: Plot the ramp sequence using stem function.
 Step 4: Display the output.

EXPONENTIAL SEQUENCE:

 Step 1: Read the length of the exponential sequence.
 Step 2: Read its amplitude.
 Step 3: Plot the exponential sequence using stem function.
 Step 4: Display the output.

UNIT-STEP SEQUENCE:

 Step 1: Read the length of the unit-step sequence.
 Step 2: Plot the unit-step sequence.
 Step 3: Display the output.

UNIT-IMPULSE SEQUENCE:

 Step1: Read the length of the unit-impulse sequence.
 Step2: Plot the unit-impulse sequence.
 Step 3: Display the output.

MATLAB CODE FOR SIGNAL GENERATION:

clc;

t=0:0.1:pi;

y=sin(2*pi*t);

subplot(3,2,1);

plot(t,y);

ylabel('Voltage(Volts)->');

xlabel('(a)time(Sec)->');

title('SINE SEQUENCE');

clc;

t=0:0.1:pi;

y=cos(2*pi*t);

subplot(3,2,2);

plot(t,y);

ylabel('Voltage(Volts)->');

xlabel('(b)time(Sec)->');

title('COSINE SEQUENCE');

clc;

n1=input('Enter the length of the ramp signal:');

t=0:n1;

subplot(3,2,3);

stem(t,t);

ylabel('Voltage(Volts)->');

xlabel('(c)N->');

title('RAMP SEQUENCE');

clc;

n2=input('Enter the length of the exponential sequence:');

t=0:n2;

a=input('Enter  the "a" value:');

y2=exp(a*t);

subplot(3,2,4);

stem(t,y2);

ylabel('Voltage(Volts)->');

xlabel('(d)N->');

title('EXPONENTIAL SEQUENCE');

clc;

n3=input('Enter the length of the unit sequence:');

t=0:1:n3-1;

y1=ones(1,n3);

subplot(3,2,5);

stem(t,y1);

ylabel('Voltage(Volts)->');

xlabel('(e)N->');

title('UNIT STEP SEQUENCE');

clc;

t=-5:5;

y=[zeros(1,5),ones(1,1),zeros(1,5)];

subplot(3,2,6);

stem(t,y);

ylabel('Voltage(Volts)->');

xlabel('(f)N->');

title('UNIT IMPULSE SEQUENCE');

  

OUTPUT:

  FOR MORE DETAILS CLICK HERE

WHAT IS SPEECH PROCESSING?

Signal processing is the action of changing one or more features (parameters) of a signal according to a predetermined requirement. The parameters that is to be changed may be , amplitude, frequency, phase etc... of the signal . The signal which undergoes such a process is known as input signal. And the entity which performs this processing is known as "Signal processing system" or simply system. ie; the input signal is fed to the system and the appropriately processed signal is coming out of the system. This signal is known as the "Output signal".

 

Fig:Signal processing 

FOR MORE DETAILS     CLICK HERE

MATLAB CODE FOR ANALOG TO DIGITAL SIGNAL CONVERSION

hi
     we know the analog sine wave but latest discrete signal . In  MATLAB  we can implement  by using following code
 clc;
clear all;
close all;
x=0:0.1:10;
y=sin(x);
subplot(2,1,1);

plot(x,sin(x));
xlabel('time');
ylabel('amplitude');
title('analog  signal');
hold on;
subplot(2,1,2);
x=0:0.1:10;
y=sin(x);
stem(x,y);
title('discrete  signal');xlabel('time');
ylabel('amplitude');

FOR MORE DETAILS
                                         CLICK HERE

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WHAT is 5G:

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we know about 3G and 4G. now a days these are implemented in real time, but 5G is the latest concept and researching field. check latest IEEE paper with 5G concept with this link..

                                   
                                                        Fig: 5G TECHNOLOGY

          FOR MORE DETAILS..
FAIRNESS FOR NON-ORTHOGONAL MULTIPLE ACCESS IN 5G SYSTEMS

How to Creating an arbitrary periodic signal in square wave form?

If you have synthesized a signal using any of the methods described above you can use that signal as
the repeating segment in a periodic signal. This particularly useful for signals that cannot be described mathematically without the use of piece wise functions

Square waveform:

clear all;

close all;

repeating_segment = [ zeros(1, 100) ones(1, 100)];

num_periods = 10;

square_waveform = []; % empty variable

for k = 1 : num_periods

square_waveform = [square_waveform repeating_segment];

end

plot(square_waveform);

ylim([-0.1 1.1])

FOR MORE DETAILS CLICK HERE

MATLAB CODE FOR TIME SHIFTING AND SCALING OF SIGNAL

MATLAB CODE:

clc;

clear all;

close all;

limit=15;

step=0.01;

T=5;

t=-limit:step:limit;

 x=t.*[t>=0 & t<=T];

 subplot(421)

 plot (t,x);

 grid on;

 xlabel('x(t)');

 a=-1;

 t0=0;

 t1=a*t+t0;

 x=t1.*[t1>=0 & t1<=T];

 subplot(422)

 plot (t,x);

 grid on;

 xlabel('x(-t)');

 a=1;

 t0=5;

 t1=a*t+t0;

 x=t1.*[t1>=0 & t1<=T];

 subplot(423)

 plot (t,x);

 grid on;

 xlabel('x(t+5)');

 a=1;

 t0=-5;

 t1=a*t+t0;

 x=t1.*[t1>=0 & t1<=T];

 subplot(424)

 plot (t,x);

 grid on;

 xlabel('x(t-5)');

 a=2;

 t0=0;

 t1=a*t+t0;

 x=t1.*[t1>=0 & t1<=T];

 subplot(425)

 plot (t,x);

 grid on;

 xlabel('x(2t)');

 a=1/2;

 t0=0;

 t1=a*t+t0;

 x=t1.*[t1>=0 & t1<=T];

 subplot(426)

 plot (t,x);

 grid on;

 xlabel('x(t/2)');

 a=2;

 t0=5;

 t1=a*t+t0;

 x=t1.*[t1>=0 & t1<=T];

 subplot(427)

 plot (t,x);

 grid on;

 xlabel('x(2t+5)');

 a=-2;

 t0=5;

 t1=a*t+t0;

 x=t1.*[t1>=0 & t1<=T];

 subplot(428)

 plot (t,x);

 grid on;

 xlabel('x(-2t+5)');

OUTPUT: 

 FOR MORE DETAILS CLICK HERE